Making lox at home is not really all that hard, all you need is salt, sugar, and pepper. Oh yes, and salmon, preferably super fresh salmon. Why would we think to make lox at home? Because we try to make everything at home, but also my mom does it…
My mom has been making lox for years, she has tried various flavors, including curing it with tea. She buys special curing salt online, but I skipped that. I made two variants, one using basic ingredients anyone can find, and one a bit more special. Both are exceptional, better than just about any lox one can buy.
It started last Friday when we were shopping in Flushing. We were walking around a Chinese supermarket that has a good fish section. I asked the fish monger if he had any whole salmon, and he took out a beautiful, 18-pound salmon, which he was willing to sell me for $4 per pound. While I would love it, we have no room in our kitchen for that size fish. So with the help of my mother-in-law (to do some translation into Chinese), I requested that he fillet and clean half and sell me that portion, it came out to just under six pounds and he charged $4.99 per pound.
When we got the fish home, I used some clean needle nose pliers to pull each of the pin bones out. I also cleaned off any remaining scales and wiped the salmon as dry as possible with paper towels. The final step before rubbing was to slice the side into four roughly equal lengths.
I made two rubs. The first was kosher salt, light brown sugar, and ground black pepper. The second was the same, but I replaced kosher salt with Applewood Smoked Salt.
The magic ratio seems to be:
- 1/4 cup of salt
- 1/4 cup sugar
- 1 tablespoon of pepper
Use that amount per pound of fish.
The next step is to thoroughly, VERY THOROUGHLY, cover each piece of salmon in the rub. Really pack the stuff on. Try to get it built up on top and along each side. The texture is something like sand, so think of building a sand castle. You only need to get the rub on the flesh, don’t worry at all about the skin side. If you get some on the skin, it’s fine, but won’t help much.
I did two pieces of the basic rub and two pieces of the smoked. It is important to have two of each type you do, because the next step is to sandwich the pieces, flesh to flesh. When making the sandwich a lot of rub is going to fall off, try to minimize it. And after the sandwich is done, press more of the rub into the sides. Be generous!
Wrap the sandwich in plastic wrap. Try to pull the wrap so the pieces are pressed tightly together. The trick is not pull the sides tightly closed. The salt and sugar are going to pull water out of the salmon and you want that to run off and out of the plastic.
Most of the sites I’ve read about making lox recommend the technique my mom uses: just put the lox on a plate that is deep enough to hold the liquid. However, I’m not a fan of this approach, because I’ve seen first hand how it results in the fish sitting in the liquid. I tried something else. I used a steamer upside down in a Cambro box. Because it left space in the corners, I stuffed that loosely with aluminum foil. This worked really well! The foil helped support the weight of the fish and the steamer left plenty of space for liquid to run off.
I packed in the fish sandwiches, the smoked one on the bottom, then the basic on top. My thinking was that the liquid run off from the basic would not contaminate the flavor of the smoked, but vice versa may not be as favorable. Plus, I rotated the packages 90 degrees, so the side opening wouldn’t be in the same place. I hoped this would also help sharing of liquids.
Notice how the salmon was a good inch over the rim of the box? By the time the lox was done, it was at least half an inch under the rim. When I put the whole thing in the fridge, I weight it with whatever was around in the fridge. Eventually, when it was below the rim, I found a plastic container cover that fit perfectly, then I weighted that down.
Each day, I poured all the liquid out and flipped each of the sandwiches.
After five days (today), it was time to clean the lox. When it came out of the sandwich, the rub was really packed into the flesh. It looked like gravlax.
Then I headed to the sink to wash off the rub. I used a gentle flow of freezing cold water. It took quite a while, because I kept stopping when my hands went numb. Whatever I couldn’t get off wit
h the water, I worked on with paper towel. That worked well as it’s important to dry the lox after rinsing it.
The lox darkened dramatically and was tighter and smoother. It smelled wonderful!
I sliced off a few slices as thin as possible using our sashimi knife. Ideally you should use the sharpest, longest, thinnest blade you have. A nice aspect of the yanagi-ba is that the blade is single edged.
If at this point your lox is too salty, you can soak it in water for a few hours (or even up to a day), to reduce the salt level. You need to be careful though, as this can water log the lox and destroy the flavor. Fortunately, my lox came out perfect.
I kept slicing super thin, perfect slices (I’m pretty darn good with a knife). Jessica and I kept eating.
We agreed the two flavors were totally distinct and we loved both. It is exceptional lox.
Not having any bagels on hand, I made my second favorite dish with lox: Lox and Eggs. I scrambled two eggs and laid a few slices on top, then seasoned with some Tellicherry Black Pepper. It was absolute heaven!
So, now you know that making lox is not that hard. And at the value it’s so worth it! This whole thing cost about $30 for almost 6 pounds of lox, that’s about $5 per pound. Similar lox around here is $25 per pound. Try it and let us know!
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I havent got any salmon yet,has anyone tried any other versions from jessica’s? Joy said Sam’s club sells Lox,but are you sure its not just smoked salmon? Everyone sells smoked salmon but confuses it for Lox.
Im just curious what the pink peppercorn adds instead of using the black ones?
thx
Hi Renata. Desiree made our recipe for lox and I believe someone else will e-mail me theirs soon. I know that BJ’s does sell lox and it is different from smoked salmon. Pink peppercorns are lightly fruity but still have a little spice.
what state and city is BJ’s in?
Hey Renata, BJ’s has a ton of locations….click here to their site.
Lox Lox Lox , my favorite dish. Never really knew how to make it. My live in friend never ate lox and can not fandom me loving raw fish. Here in Texas lox is only known by jewish and German people oh yes, Polish people too. I did not know how to make lox. I always purchased fresh Alaskan Salmon, sliced it in thin eating portions placed in a glass bowl with salt, and refrigerated it.
Well, I visited my Sister in Pal Beach Florida and Lox is always on her menue. She buys it in the jewish market. It tasted better than mine. So I found on the Internet your resipee and I must say I can not thank you enough for publishing your art in making my favored fish. thank’s a million time, and the good thing is it was for FREE.
It looks delicious, however I prefer it “well-done” by the way those high quality photos look great
Wow, thanks for the terrific post. My boyfriend and I are dying to try it. We’ve been talking about it for sometime. We will let you know how it goes.
Is the salmon in Sam’s fresh enough to make lox out of it, and can i put less salt since i have high blood pressure? thanks a lot for your help. i am very excited
Raquel, I’m not sure about the salmon from Sam’s since I’ve never been there but ask them if the salmon was frozen before. You don’t want to use salmon that has been frozen. Unfortunately, you can’t make a low salt version of lox. It’s not there just for flavor. You need it to draw out the moisture to cure the fish. You won’t get to that texture without enough salt.
I have been making gravlax for years using your basic recipe however, I have been adding dill and vodka to the recipe about 3 tablespoons of vodka and one cup chopped fresh dill per 2 pounds of fish. it is absolutely delicious you should perhaps give it a try.
Charles, we’ve done dill but not vodka. After I’m done breastfeeding, we’ll give that a try!
Here in Philadelphia, lox is around $26/ pound and there’s really only a handful of delis around that still sell it hand-cut. It is delicious and I even remember going to get it with my mother when I was younger. Back then, it was about $14/ lb and we could only afford 2 oz but I cherished whatever I could obtain. I read your recipe and a few others online and got a nice cut of salmon at $8/ lb [still < 1/2 the going price for lox at the deli]. After only 36 hours of curing, I had to check it out and cut a small sliver, rinsed it off and test-tasted it. Then I went and cut another slice[ just double checking you know]. I can't believe i never did this before. I called my mom and told her I'm taking orders for the holidays for all her friends. Next, I'm gonna mess around with some flavor additions to give it a bit of originality.
BTW, Bj's lox is technically lox because it doesn't taste smoked at all, but the consistency is tougher, much more dense and dry, and above all has less flavor than deli cut lox. In my opinion BJ's lox is a weak substitute for the real deal.
I do have a question though, would usuing dark, light or even plain sugar really make much of a difference? And what could I addthat could flavor my lox? I was thinking maybe somekind of herb that is lemony like…?
Is it possible to just pack the fish in the salt mix, with out the plastic wrap?
Scott – Nice!! I feel exactly the same. Regarding the sugar; I find light brown sugar to be the best for several reasons: first, the molasses in it allows it to clump together, so it stays on top of the fish better (not a big deal since the moisture will eventually help as does the plastic wrap); second, it’s a lighter flavor than the dark brown but not as “cheap” tasting as white sugar. I have not tried any other sugars, such as the organic we now use for other cooking, that may be interesting.
You can use lots of flavors; herbs are a good start as are liquors. Gravlax is classically done with lots of dill and aquavit. The pastrami technique uses a lot of peppercorns and mustard seeds. My mom uses tea leaves (my favorite was the blueberry-flavored tea leaves). Also, don’t hesitate to use sauces with it, such as a nice garlicky aioli.
Natholin – Absolutely. Salt-cured fish has been around thousands of years, plastic wrap is pretty new. In various cultures the salt-curing is done in barrels, in the ground, in leaves, lots of ways. That said, the wrap does help reduce smelling up your fridge, it also helps keep the right pressure on the fish, and I feel like it may require less salt/sugar rub. I haven’t experimented enough to know for sure.
Just unwrapped the package after 5 days, washed it off, sliced a couple of slices and shared it with my neighbor. I had to tackle him as he was heading out the door with all of it. My first time doing this – so easy. Thanks for the recipe!
We are getting ready to make lox the first time as we are in Alaska and have lots of red (sockeye) salmon – have a question as we like the idea of the dill and aquavit (would substitute vodka) but when do you add the liquid? We are getting ready to start on this right away.
Terry – That’s awesome. We once had our dog (Ice) jump 4-5 feet in the air to grab Jess’ slice of lox. If you want to borrow our dog to attack neighbors let us know.
Becky – We’re jealous! Our friend Tim has brought us Vancouver sockeye and it was awesome. Please think of us as you eat it and maybe we’ll get the telepathic flavors. You should add the dill and liquor right at the beginning of the process. Use LOTS of dill, even though herbs can be strong, you want their flavor to penetrate as deep into the fish as possible, which means you need to give it time and lots of herbs. The flavor is imparted partially from the oils in the leaves and to a lesser extent the water in the leaves. These have to come out.
You don’t need lots of liquor, just a bit. I’ve only made gravlax a few times, but when I do, I just use a tablespoon at a time to splash across the top of the fish.
If you use vodka I recommend picking a flavorful vodka. Some of the best vodka I’ve had is so subtle it won’t do much for fish and is probably wasteful. Some of the worst vodka I had I wouldn’t put in the same room as salmon 😉 Aquavit is traditionally used because it’s flavored with spices and herbs (including dill sometimes). There are great flavored vodkas for this application. Maybe Absolut’s Pepper Vodka? Or for something funky Smirnoff Black Cherry?
What is the problem with frozen salmon? We fish AK, but have to flash freeze our fish. Can we not “lox” what we have brought home frozen?
Tucker – The issue with frozen is that the cells start to break down and there is a ton of extra moisture from the freezing process. As a result the curing process to create the lox does not work as well. It’s not that you can’t do it, it just doesn’t taste the same.
I know this will sound funny since everybody raves sooo much about how fantastic the lox is that you keep eating it and eating it until it is all gone, but, how long will it last refridgerated? I fish the waters of Vancouver Island and want to make some for Christmas. Will it keep for a week, two…three?
I will be using Chinook salmon (King, to my American cousins).
I will let you know how it turns out.
Jim, not sure exactly how long but at least a week. If you want to keep it longer, we’ve frozen a portion before. It’s pretty good but not as spectacular as the just made.
Thank you for the step by step instructions and helpful photos. Our lox is in the fridge now. I can’t wait to see how it turns out!
Barbra
I just finished my second batch. The first batch came out perfect. Just to let you know we did use fresh frozen salmon. Our salmon is really fresh as we fish for it and pack it ourselves. In the summer, when we are camping, we will try the same recipe with fresh out of the ocean salmon and taste test the difference. Thanks again for the great directions. Your site is now a favorite bookmark!
Barbra, I’m glad you have had such success with frozen too. We didn’t but now I can’t wait for you to try with fresh!!
did you keep the fish in the refrigerator for the 5 days or the time you cured it . please ?
Stuart, yes, keep in the fridge.
If you did not personally catch your salmon (I.e.purchased it at any store), I can guarantee you it was once frozen. If it hadn’t been, it would be inedible by the time it got to your market. Bob
Any words of wisdom regarding use of wild salmon vs farm raised? We have been buying wild salmon lately, but notice that grilling time and doneness is a little different from farm raised. Will there be any differences in the curing process for making lox?
Hi!
Thanks for your recipie! I saw your recipie online when I was trying to do with all this salmon, then it hit me! MAke Lox! I am an Alaska Native Inupiaq, never thought of making lox! I’ve cooked salmon every other way, I just tried the finished product and it’s delish!! I’ve had friends and family over and they love it too!! I’m about to make a whole big batch maybe 3lbs and try to slice, vaccum seal, and freeze. I love lox and spend $7 every week for 16 oz of it here, So i’m definatly will be saving alot of money!! Thanks again 🙂 Next time I’ll add smoke flavor to the fish to see if i can get a little bit of smokiness to the lox. 🙂
Hooray Anonynous! So glad you tried making lox. It does save a ton of money! I bet you get great salmon over there too!
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I tried this recipe last week. I will admit, I forgot to turn it several times, and I ended up leaving it in the refrigerator for 7 days, rather than 5. I was worried because the salmon I used didn’t have the skin on it, had been previously frozen, and when I did manage to remember to turn it, the runoff was so dark. But when I rinsed, sliced and tasted it?? It was AMAZING!!! Thank you so much!!!!
I’m glad it worked out Sarah. I encourage you to try it with not previously frozen salmon. You might like it even more.
hey Hotdog, it is well done, it took 5 days!!! How much better can it get?
Yay DJoe! Enjoy!
1. Have you ever tried curing trout? Any reason it wouldn’t work?
2. I didn’t realize that you can add liquid during the curing process when you’re trying to draw the moisture from the fish. My mother in law uses a a cooked sugar in Passover which has a a grainy, crystal consistency, do you think that could be used mixed with the salt.
Thanks!
Hi Che, thanks for commenting!
1. While I haven’t cured trout myself (that I can remember) any salt water or anadromous (fish that migrate between salt and fresh water) fish should be fine. Fresh water fish are not great for cold curing because the bacteria may survive. If you prepare anadromous fish, such as salmon or many trout, they should be previously quick frozen. This is the same rule of thumb for eating the fish raw. To be clear, that doesn’t mean the fish will be frozen when you buy it, usually the salmon I buy is not frozen.
While trout could work, I suspect the texture won’t be fantastic. The fish is more oily than fatty, this is due to the way the fat is in the flesh. For that reason, I prefer smoking trout than cold curing.
2. The way curing works is basically through osmosis. The finished product will have a balance of the salt/sugar (or whatever else) is inside the flesh as is outside the flesh. So if you start out with an internal salinity of 20% and an external salinity of 80%, at the end both the internal and external salinity will be about 50%, ie. balanced. So, whatever you add to your curing liquid will simply affect the balance. If you add water, it will have a closer salinity to the fish itself, which has pros and cons. I’m not familiar with what cooked sugar your mom uses, but if the solution is not properly diluted into the solution it may over-concentrate the flavor in a small region of the fish, because of unequal distribution. So, in the end, I would not recommend any product that is not easy to distribute evenly.
Hope this helps!!
I have made lox several times now and it always come out extremely salty. It tastes great, but is just very very salty and I wonder why? I am using smaller pieces of salmon instead of an entire slab, so I wonder if it is simply soaking up the salt more/too fast? I’m using a 50/50 mix of salts and sugars. I’ve got the latest batch in a bowl of ice water to try and soak some of the salt out of it, but when all of you say your lox is so tasty as soon as it’s done I have to wonder what I’m doing wrong. You cannot buy fresh, never frozen salmon in about 90% of the U.S., and in Florida I’m as far from the salmon runs as you can get. If the freezing is the problem I wonder if there’s away to compensate for it. Thoughts, anyone?
Hi Karen,
Hmm…how thick are the pieces of salmon you are using? Try to buy center-cuts as opposed to the piece near the tail. I find that the thicker cuts work better. I would also try letting it cure for less days. How many days are you currently letting it sit? …and just to check, are you using kosher salt or large flake sea salt? If you use table salt, that would be equivalent to a lot more…
Thanks Jessica, yes, I was using table salt, will switch as you suggest and use thicker cuts, less curing. Will let you know!
Karen, have you tried again? How’d it go?
Hi Jessica,
Yes, I am happy to report that the kosher salt was exactly what was needed. The table salt was being sucked up into the salmon while the kosher salt does not seem to be absorbed anywhere nearly as much. The lox comes out just lightly salted and perfect. I’ve gotten good results with both farmed salmon and wild salmon, though of course the wild has a more complex flavor and a denser texture – I suspect wild salmon get a lot more exercise than farm salmon do! -Karen
That’s great Karen! I’m so glad it worked out! We’ve had better results texturally with the farmed salmon and I think it’s because it’s fattier. I hate saying that because I mostly try to only have my family eat wild fish but for lox we make an exception…